text:
Lucas Scott
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Lucas Scott
Chad Michael Murray as Lucas Scott
One Tree Hill character
Portrayed by
Chad Michael Murray
First appearance
"Pilot"
(episode 1.01)
Last appearance
"Last Known Surroundings"
(episode 9.07)
Created by
Mark Schwahn
Profile
Other names
Luke
Occupation
Author
Basketball coach (former)
Residence
Formerly:
1829 Barnette Drive
Tree Hill, North Carolina
[show]Family
Father
Daniel "Dan" Scott
Mother
Karen Roe
Stepmother
Deborah "Deb" Lee
Half-brothers
Nathan Scott
Half-sisters
Lily Roe Scott
Spouse
Peyton Sawyer
(wife; 1 child)
Daughters
Sawyer Brooke Scott
Uncles
Keith Scott
Nieces and nephews
James Lucas "Jamie" Scott
Lydia Bob Scott
Other relatives
Larry Sawyer
(father-in-law)
Anna Sawyer
(mother-in-law; deceased)
Haley James Scott
(sister-in-law, via Nathan)
Derek Sommers
(brother-in-law, via Peyton)
Lucas Eugene Scott is a fictional character and the main protagonist from The WB/CW television series One Tree Hill, portrayed by Chad Michael Murray. Lucas is a talented basketball player and writer. He is rival to half-brother Nathan Scott, before the two eventually become close friends. While striving for his dreams, he must balance his tumultuous relationships with his father, Dan Scott, and the two women enveloping his love life, Peyton Sawyer and Brooke Davis.
The character has been described as popular among teenagers and young adults, not only for his skill at basketball but for his romantic aspirations.[1][2][3][4][5][6] Specifically regarding the character's impact on female viewers, Entertainment Weekly stated, "Look into those soulful blue eyes and it's clear why One Tree Hill, in which Murray plays [the brooding basketball star], became a sleeper hit during its first season on The WB."[7]
Contents
[hide]
1 Character development
1.1 Casting
1.2 Personality and wardrobe
2 Storylines
2.1 Overview
2.2 Early seasons
2.3 Missing years
2.4 Final seasons
3 Reception
4 See also
5 References
6 Further reading
7 External links
Character development[edit]
Casting[edit]
Chad Michael Murray was the first person to be cast for One Tree Hill.[8] The producers were originally unsure as to who Murray would play. Series creator Mark Schwahn wanted him to play the character of Nathan Scott since Murray had played a bad guy several times before, and he felt it was only natural to give him this role.[8] Murray, however, wanted to portray Lucas due to a connection he felt with the character. He felt that he could inhabit the character as the two share several similarities. Murray's mother left him when he was young, and Lucas was abandoned by his father. Murray's passion for the role led the producers to cast him as Lucas.[8] Murray had turned down the lead role of Ryan Atwood in The O.C. to accept the role as Lucas Scott.[9]
Personality and wardrobe[edit]
Schwahn said that in designing the show, he created Lucas as "this underdog kid from the wrong side of the tracks" who crosses over to the pretty and popular; he wanted to show what the life of such a person would be like in a basketball atmosphere.[10]
For Murray, in addition to their shared abandonment issues, Lucas's love for literature also appealed to him. Murray had become a fan of the genre during high school, and felt it changed his way of seeing things; it made him rethink his own actions. Lucas has been described as "caught between being charming and a nerd, a hermit and confident". Murray said of the character, "He's very introverted." He described Lucas as an observer, someone who likes to watch people and try to figure out who they really are, as opposed to who they think they are, another aspect similar to Murray's own personality.[6]
Lucas's T-shirt, shorts and jeans look (left); his sleeker, more form-fitting clothing (right).
Murray never played much basketball before the show, and was more into football while in high school. Because of this, a basketball coach was hired for Murray in order to improve his basketball skills.[6] To go along with the character's personality, a "sedate" wardrobe was designed. Schwahn said of Lucas's wardrobe, "...He was a Levi's guy. He was, you know, he wore a lot of, like, plain T-shirts and things because we just wanted him to represent the everyman."[10] Despite having the character start out this way, the series eventually let his wardrobe evolve. Starting from the fourth season on, he was given some "wilder stuff". Schwahn clarified, "You know, he can [now] rock something from Sean John, which normally would have been Nathan's department." He said the style of the characters really does evolve on the show, especially with the four-year timeline jump.[10] "Diesel is so wonderful on [Murray]. Diesel jeans. It's an Italian company. A lot of times, Italian designers cut much more slimly...for a really lean physique," stated One Tree Hill's costume designer, Carol Cutshall. "Also, this year, they’ve had nice long sleeves and nice long shirts and really slim clothing and that looks best on [Murray]. He doesn’t need to be swallowed up. He's got his own style as a person. It's not just up to me. I try to bring in what I think is going to fit him best."[11] With the timeline jump, Lucas’s main brands become Diesel, Guess menswear, and Juicy Couture for men.[11]
Regarding the character's romantic life, Schwahn designed a love triangle between Lucas and the two girls, Peyton Sawyer and Brooke Davis, which created an intense fan base rivalry. While describing Lucas and Peyton as soulmates and a "meant to be" pairing,[12] he described Brooke and Lucas as "also genuine" and as having a great dynamic.[13] He acknowledged that the fan bases are large and "very passionate" about their pairings. "There is a huge fanbase dedicated to Brooke and Lucas, and sometimes [those people] feel a bit betrayed, just as the fanbase dedicated to Peyton and Lucas felt betrayed [in Season 2, and parts of Season 3]," said Schwahn. "That tells me that we've done things correctly – that's the strength of a love triangle."[14]
Storylines[edit]
This section's plot summaries may be too long or excessively detailed. Please help improve them by removing unnecessary details and making them more concise. (November 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Overview[edit]
Lucas Scott is the son of Dan Scott and Karen Roe, and the nephew of Keith Scott; he has a younger half brother, Nathan Scott, on his father's side and a younger half-sister, Lily Roe Scott, on his mother's side (she is also his cousin through Keith). He was raised by his mother after his father abandoned them to marry Deb Lee, Nathan's mother. His uncle Keith, who always had feelings for Karen, took over the father figure role. Lucas grew up in Tree Hill, a small North Carolina town along with his best friend and later sister-in-law, Haley James Scott. He shares romantic bonds with Peyton Sawyer and Brooke Davis, is interested in basketball and literature, and suffers from the genetic heart disease hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Early seasons[edit]
At the beginning of the first season, 16-year-old Lucas Scott is recruited by coach Whitey Durham to play for the Ravens basketball team after most of the players are suspended for drunk-driving. He soon has troubles with his half-brother Nathan, who is also the Ravens captain, because Nathan wants to remain the star of the team and feels threatened by Lucas's arrival.[15] Encouraged by Dan, who also wants Lucas off the team, Nathan and his teammates make life difficult for Lucas, on one occasion kidnapping him and throwing him into a ditch. Nevertheless, Lucas is determined to stay on the team (although he removes the name "Scott" from his jersey). He is attracted to and shares a deep emotional connection with Peyton (Nathan's girlfriend). Disgusted by Nathan's behavior towards his brother, she eventually breaks up with him. Nathan retaliates by pursuing Lucas's best friend Haley, who agrees to tutor Nathan in return for him leaving Lucas alone. Lucas and Peyton fall in love, but Peyton is initially scared of a romance with Lucas (not wanting to be "serious" with him).[16][17] Lucas is devastated and starts seeing Peyton's best friend, Brooke, at the same moment Peyton realizes she has made a mistake in turning Lucas away.[17] He soon cheats on Brooke with Peyton, though sex is never involved in the betrayal.[18] On the night that Lucas and Peyton are about to tell Brooke about their affair, Lucas and Keith are involved in a car accident, and, for the first time in the series, Dan calls Lucas his son so that Lucas can get immediate treatment.[19] Lucas wakes up from a short coma and wants to be with Peyton, but Peyton ends their affair for Brooke's sake after Brooke finds out about their tryst.[20] Lucas's feelings towards Dan are challenged when he learns that Dan wanted joint custody of Lucas, but Karen refused. He also finds himself in Dan's position when Brooke claims to be pregnant, although this turns out to be false as Brooke was lying to seek her revenge on Lucas for breaking her heart. His friendship with Peyton is broken once she learns he had a one-night stand with new resident Nicki not long after she ended their affair.[21] However, his relationship with Nathan improves as Lucas realizes that he got a better deal than Nathan, who is damaged as a result of being raised by Dan. Wanting a fresh start, Lucas decides to leave town with Keith. Lucas and Nathan have a final conversation where Nathan calls Lucas his brother and Lucas says, "I'll miss you, little brother." Before leaving with Keith, he goes to say goodbye to Haley and discovers that she and Nathan have married.[22]
In Season 2, Lucas and Keith return to Tree Hill after Dan has a heart attack.[23] Lucas tries to make up for his behavior with Peyton and Brooke and becomes friends with both of them. He also starts seeing a new girl named Anna Taggaro, but they break up amicably when Anna accepts that she is a lesbian.[24][25] Lucas realizes that he has romantic feelings for Brooke and begins to focus on building on a relationship with her, even though she is seeing Anna's brother Felix.[26] Lucas discovers that he has inherited Dan's heart condition, but does not tell anyone except Dan.[27] After discovering that Keith's new girlfriend Jules was actually hired by Dan to break Keith's heart, Lucas agrees to move in with Dan if he leaves Keith alone and pays for Lucas's heart medication. This sets Lucas at odds with his mother, as she cannot believe that Lucas would want to live with Dan rather than her.[27] It also causes a new rift between Lucas and Nathan, as Nathan feels that Lucas is replacing him and is bitter about Haley's departure to go on tour singing. Lucas and Karen are reconciled when she learns half of the reason he is staying with Dan, which is to protect Keith. This plan to protect his uncle fails when Jules leaves Keith at the altar and Keith leaves town after discovering that Lucas and Karen knew that she was hired by Dan.[28] Lucas discovers Deb's painkiller addiction and decides to avenge all of Dan's victims. He finds a stash of cash and an incriminating ledger in the attic at Dan's dealership and plans to expose Dan's illegal dealings, but ultimately fails as Dan has also incriminated Deb.[28] Dan then reveals that the whole thing was a set-up to test Lucas's loyalty, which Lucas failed. As a result, he loses Dan's college fund for him (which Dan had been saving since Lucas was a baby) and even his heart medication. Nathan also ends his friendship with Lucas after discovering that Lucas had planned to bring Dan down and visited Haley behind his back in an attempt to patch up her and Nathan's marriage. Lucas does, however, kiss Brooke in the season finale and confesses that he wants to be with her, but she still leaves for California to spend the summer with her parents. Ultimately, it is just Lucas and a broken-hearted Peyton (after boyfriend Jake left her) for the summer and the last shot is of the two of them sharing a meaningful hug on the beach.[29]
In Season 3, after the summer, Lucas remains at odds with Dan, who accuses Lucas of starting the fire at the dealership that nearly killed him. Dan tries to strangle Lucas on the basketball court, but Peyton, having learned the truth from Lucas, tells Dan that Lucas actually saved him from the fire. Lucas also protects the true arsonist: Deb. Lucas and Nathan continue to argue over Nathan's treatment of the returned Haley and have a public fight after Lucas accuses Nathan of being just like Dan. Lucas struggles to pay for his heart medication and steals money from his mother, which Haley sees, forcing Lucas to tell her about his condition. He begins a non-exclusive relationship with Brooke and uses Rachel Gatina to make her jealous, but a series of events leads Brooke to sleep with Chris Keller, tearing them apart.[30] Later, he forgives her after she gives him the 82 letters she wrote to him during her vacation but did not send. He and Nathan gradually become friends again. Keith returns, and he and Karen finally get together and become engaged. Keith also plans to adopt Lucas. Tragedy strikes when Lucas's former friend Jimmy Edwards brings a gun to school and fires it, accidentally hitting Peyton and causing a lockdown ("With Tired Eyes, Tired Minds, Tired Souls, We Slept"). Lucas saves Peyton and is devastated by Jimmy and Keith's eventual deaths. After seeing the effect of Keith's death on his mother, Lucas decides to finally tell Whitey, Nathan, and Karen about his heart condition and quits basketball. He goes on a university tour with his mother and realizes that he wants to become a writer. He is also Nathan's best man for his second wedding to Haley. He and Brooke break up for good during the wedding when Brooke learns that Lucas kissed Peyton back during the school shooting.
In Season 4, Lucas tries to get Brooke back, but she rejects him, feeling that the passion is no longer there. One day, he hurries to save Peyton from Internet stalker "Psycho Derek", and becomes considerably closer to her afterward. He also helps Karen, who is pregnant with Keith's baby, and plans on going to the University of North Carolina when he graduates so that he can be close to home in case she needs him. Dan also helps Karen with her pregnancy, wanting to make amends for Keith's death. After talking with Dan, Karen persuades Whitey to let Lucas play 15 minutes a game, so as not to let him miss out on something he loves. Brooke and Lucas try dating each other again, but realize that it is not what they truly want and is not what is meant to be, prompting Peyton to confess her feelings for Lucas. Lucas then discovers that Nathan is planning to throw the state championship game because of his debts. Lucas plans to prevent this and deliberately fails to take his heart medication in order to play better, but Nathan is inspired by learning that he is going to have a son and they win, with Lucas making the winning shot. During the celebration, Lucas, after receiving Brooke's blessing, sees Peyton and tells her that she is the girl he has been meant for. The two then share a long-awaited kiss. They become a couple at the after-party, but their happiness is short-lived when Haley gets hit by a car and Lucas tries to tell the paramedics what happened only to suffer a heart attack. As he is in the hospital, Lucas dreams that he is visited by Keith, who shows Lucas what life would have been like if he had been a lesser person. In the end, Lucas realizes that he has to go back to his life because he never told Peyton that he loves her. Lucas wakes up and begins a relationship with Peyton. After the failed attempt of prom in Tree Hill High, the group go on a rescue mission to save Mouth who has become stranded in Honeygrove. They all then crash the local Prom, where he and Peyton have sex with each other for the first time. He begins to investigate Keith's death, as the Keith in his dream suggested that Jimmy did not kill him, but he also starts getting closer to Dan, who tells Karen he wants a bigger part in Lucas's life. Lucas discovers the truth about Dan thanks to witness Abby Brown. He attacks Dan after walking in on him and Karen kissing and tells Karen that Dan killed Keith, but Dan convinces Karen that Lucas is delusional and needs help. Lucas then steals Deb's gun and confronts Dan in front of Karen, having set him up by sending him a message from "Abby". Karen collapses and Lucas fires a warning shot at Dan, telling him not to touch her. Karen is rushed to hospital with eclampsia and has an emergency c-section. Lucas is given a half-sister, who is named Lily Roe Scott when Karen regains consciousness. Later, Dan turns himself in for Keith's murder. Lucas graduates and gets, as a reward, his book (An Unkindness of Ravens) from his mother. That same day, he becomes an uncle with the birth of Nathan and Haley's son, James Lucas Scott, partly named after him. Lucas is named the godfather of James and announces that he will be assisting Whitey as Nathan's college basketball coach.
Missing years[edit]
One year from Season 4, Lucas becomes the head coach of the Cobras, his college basketball team, and leads them to victory in the championships. Thinking about his future, he goes to see Peyton and asks her to marry him. She declines, feeling that it is too soon. As he is about to leave LA, his novel is picked up by a fresh new editor, Lindsey Strauss. It is a moment when his greatest dream came true. He is about to call Peyton, but decides against it, and instead calls Brooke. They spend a crazy evening together, and, in the end, he kisses her because he feels lonely. Although Brooke still loves him at the time, she pushes him away, remembering Peyton. Soon after, he is scheduled to have a book signing in LA where Peyton is living and working. Having missed her, he calls her and invites her to come to the signing. Peyton comes, but she witnesses Lindsey giving Lucas a congratulatory kiss and assumes they are in a relationship and leaves thinking there is no hope for her and Lucas. Lucas thinks that Peyton did not bother to come, and consequently begins dating Lindsey.[31]
Final seasons[edit]
In Season 5, four years after high school graduation, Lucas, now 22, suffers from writer's block and is under pressure from his editor/girlfriend Lindsey. He also tries to help Haley with her son, James Lucas Scott.[31] When Peyton comes back home, she reveals to him that she did come to the signing, and then inspires him by repeating his quote: "Your art matters".[32] When he tells Peyton that the bartender she is flirting with at the Clothes Over Bros store opening is not good enough for her, it becomes obvious that, despite his relationship with Lindsey, he still loves Peyton.[33] After remembering the night he proposed, he goes straight to her house, though she is not there.[34] When Peyton begins to antagonize Lindsey, he goes to confront her, but things escalate into a verbal fight about their break up.[35] A little bit later, after Peyton confesses her feelings and kisses him, he kisses her back, passionately, but later proposes to Lindsey,[36] leading Peyton to tell him that she will bury her feelings so that he can be happy.[37] He then wins his first game as the Ravens coach, although the female counterparts miss it because they were locked in the library.[38] He soon has to go to Dan's parole and speak up in order to have him stay locked up. He decides to have Nathan as his best man and then fuses his bachelor party with Lindsey's.[39] He also gives Haley his new book, and she tells him not to marry Lindsey after reading it.[40] Lucas proceeds with the wedding, but Lindsey stops him after realizing his book is about Peyton. She leaves him, and when he chases after her, he sees Lindsey's bags packed. After a confrontation, she leaves him, saying, "People always leave, Luke. You know that." (A reference to one of Peyton's famous lines, also featured in his first book.)[41] Lucas flees to stay with his mother and Andy after the failed wedding. Andy convinces Lucas to go after Lindsey, prompting him to go to her and tell her that one day she will come back to him.[42] She comes back to Tree Hill for Jamie's 5th birthday, but tells Lucas that it was really over.[43] He then helps Brooke cope with having baby Angie around. After Lindsey calls him to tell him she is seeing someone, he blows up after an opposing player gets away with attempting to injure Quentin Fields, drawing himself a 10-game suspension.[44][45] He becomes heavily drunk and tells Peyton he hates her when she comes to his help.[46] He later apologizes to her after being confronted by Haley. He tells her that it was hard to let her go, hard to see her and that it remains difficult for him, making apparent his love for Peyton. Lindsey comes by to tell him his book is over and he can e-mail her the dedication. When he does, she reveals by phone that she still loves him. He then decides to go to Las Vegas and calls someone to get married. Brooke, Peyton, and Lindsey are all shown answering the phone, and the viewers are left hanging as to whom he decides to propose to.[47]
In the first episode of the sixth season, the audience discovers that Peyton was on the receiving end of Lucas's phone call. He waits to see if she actually arrives, and moments later, he finds her through the crowd, making her way toward him with bags packed. They share passionate kisses, Peyton glowing with happiness, and then board the plane on their way to Las Vegas. When they get there, they spend the night in a kinky Vegas hotel room. The next day, they go to the wedding chapel, but the tackiness of the place convinces them that this was the wrong decision. Instead, Peyton takes Lucas to the hotel room where he first proposed to her and they do it all over again, but this time Peyton says "yes" before he has even asked the question. With the upcoming release of his new book, Lucas travels to New York to meet with Lindsey, and eventually tells her about his engagement to Peyton. He soon starts his book tour, but it fails fast and is canceled, so he returns home to Peyton. After the two resolve problems and fears of moving in together, Lucas is offered a movie deal by Julian Baker. Julian asks Lucas questions about Peyton before she gets there, and after she runs into Julian near the bathroom, it is revealed that he is her ex-boyfriend.[48] For three weeks, Peyton fails to tell Lucas about Julian, and Lucas is angry when he discovers their past on his own.[49] Although he is initially angry, they patch things up, and Peyton convinces Lucas to continue taking a part in the making of the film, despite his reluctance to work with Julian. The film is to be shot in Tree Hill, North Carolina. He also learns Peyton is expecting their first child. Though they initially have problems with Peyton's pregnancy, the fact that she may die if the baby is born,[50] the two are eventually married by the lake where they first met, and have their reception at Tric. They soon have a healthy daughter, Sawyer Brooke Scott, which Peyton names after her best friend Brooke (similar to the naming of James Lucas Scott), and the two ride off into the sunset.
For Season 7, Mark Schwahn, the series' creator, said Lucas and Peyton are traveling the world; they are spending time with Karen and her husband Andy, and Lucas is writing a new book.[51] In the season opener, Jamie celebrates his seventh birthday, his second without his uncle. Lucas sends Jamie the basketball which was given to him by Keith on Lucas's seventh birthday. In the card, Lucas says he and Peyton miss Jamie every day.[52] In the later half of the season, Jamie asks Nathan about his relationship with Lucas. Nathan tells him that although they were not close when they were younger they became more like real brothers as they got older. He said, "Having a brother is a lot like having a best friend, he helped make me the man I am today."[53]
On August 30, 2011, it was confirmed that Chad Michael Murray would be returning to the series' final season as Lucas. He returns to Tree Hill as Haley reaches out to him for help regarding Nathan's disappearance.[54][55]
Lucas returned to Tree Hill during season nine, per the request of Haley. She asks him to take the kids out of town to live with him and Peyton until she can find Nathan and bring him home.
Reception[edit]
Lucas has been popular among teenagers and young adults, especially among female fans of the series.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] He has been described as having "a romantic heart",[56] and his love life has been heavily debated among fans. "If you're a huge fan of One Tree Hill, chances are you've had a debate at some point about who Lucas Scott should ultimately settle down with," stated Don Williams of BuddyTV.com. "[ These shippers ] can be an extremely rabid bunch. There are some fans who want Lucas with Peyton, others who'd like to see him go back to Brooke, and even a few who think that Lindsey was his perfect match."[57] Described as this generation's Joey and Pacey, "the overly dramatic couple you could not help but root for,"[58] Lucas and Peyton emerged as one of the show's supercouples.[59][60][61][62] Their departure received significant media attention and was picked as one of the "12 most essential episodes of One Tree Hill" in 2009 by fans at starnewsonline.com.[63]
Regarding Murray's portrayal of the character, Paul Cooke of DVDActive.com said, "Murray does a fine job as a brooding Lucas."[64] Kelsey Zukowsk of 2snaps.tv said, "Chad Michael Murray as Lucas plays one of the deeper roles... [He] does far better as Lucas, the one who seems to be motivated by truth and what is right, than any movie role I have seen him in."[65] Television Without Pity, on the other hand, stated, "Chad Michael Murray is almost too pretty, looks good pouting on promo posters and modeling sponsored fashions, and can only muster one and a half emotions convincingly."[66]
See also[edit]
List of fictional supercouples
Quotes
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Article on popularity of Lucas Scott (Chad Michael Murray)". Teen. June 2003. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b Fears, Linda (March 2004). "Chad Michael Murray". YM. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b Pearlstine, Norman (September 2004). "Double Issue: Chad Michael Murray/Young Hollywood". Teen People. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b "One Tree Hill Cast/Chad Michael Murray". Teen People. September 2005. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b "Eva Longoria & Jesse Metcalfe/Desperate Housewives, Jerry Orbach/Law & Order, Hilary Duff on Joan of Arcadia, Chad Michael Murray/One Tree Hill". TV Guide. January 23, 2005. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b c d Christine Roberts (2004). One Tree Hunks: The Unauthorized Biographies of Chad Michael Murray and James Lafferty. Random House, Inc. pp. 73–75. ISBN 0-345-47952-1, ISBN 978-0-345-47952-5. Retrieved 2010-07-03.
^ Jump up to: a b "Eye candy on The WB's One Tree Hill – Chad Michael Murray – The Must List 2004". Entertainment Weekly. June 25, 2004. Retrieved 2010-07-02.
^ Jump up to: a b c Building a Winning Team: The Making of One Tree Hill (Documentary). One Tree Hill: The Complete First Season: Warner Brothers Home Entertainment.
Jump up ^ Banks, Andrew (June 12, 2007). "Top movie role reversals". News.com.au. News Digital Media. Archived from the original on April 21, 2012. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c Jason (January 19, 2008). "Mark Schwahn, creator of One Tree Hill, at Macy's". TheCWSource. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b Jackie (April 11, 2007). "Exclusive Interview with One Tree Hill's Costume Designer". TheCWSource. Archived from the original on November 8, 2010. Retrieved 2010-07-10.
Jump up ^ Cherkezian, Megan (September 27, 2006). "One Tree Hill: Your Season 4 Preview!". TV Guide. Retrieved 2010-06-16.
Jump up ^ From the official TheCWSource YouTube channel. C., Jason (December 18, 2008). "Mark Schwahn talks about Leyton vs. Brucas!". TheCWSource. Retrieved June 16, 2010.
Jump up ^ Cherkezian, Megan (January 17, 2007). "One Tree Hill Preview: Lucas and Peyton, Dan's Secret and More!". TV Guide. Retrieved 2010-06-16.
Jump up ^ "Pilot." One Tree Hill, The WB. September 23, 2003. Season 1 Episode 1.
Jump up ^ "Life in a Glass House." One Tree Hill, The WB. November 4, 2003. Season 1 Episode 7.
^ Jump up to: a b "With Arms Outstretched." One Tree Hill, The WB. November 18, 2003. Season 1 Episode 9.
Jump up ^ "Crash Course in Polite Conversations." One Tree Hill, The WB. February 3, 2004. Season 1 Episode 12.
Jump up ^ "Hanging by a Moment." One Tree Hill, The WB. February 10, 2004. Season 1 Episode 13.
Jump up ^ "Suddenly Everything Has Changed." One Tree Hill, The WB. February 24, 2004. Season 1 Episode 15.
Jump up ^ "The First Cut is the Deepest." One Tree Hill, The WB. March 2, 2004. Season 1 Episode 16.
Jump up ^ "The Games That Play Us." One Tree Hill, The WB. May 4, 2004. Season 1 Episode 22.
Jump up ^ "The Desperate Kingdom of Love." One Tree Hill, The WB. September 21, 2004. Season 2 Episode 1.
Jump up ^ "Truth Doesn't Make a Noise." One Tree Hill, The WB. September 28, 2004. Season 2 Episode 2.
Jump up ^ "We Might as Well Be Strangers." One Tree Hill, The WB. October 26, 2004. Season 2 Episode 6.
Jump up ^ "Don't Take Me for Granted." One Tree Hill, The WB. November 30, 2004. Season 2 Episode 10.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Hero Dies in This One." One Tree Hill, The WB. February 8, 2005. Season 2 Episode 13.
^ Jump up to: a b "Somewhere a Clock is Ticking." One Tree Hill, The WB. March 1, 2005. Season 2 Episode 16.
Jump up ^ "The Tide That Left and Never Came Back & The Leavers Dance." One Tree Hill, The WB. May 24, 2005. Season 2 Episodes 22 & 23.
Jump up ^ "Like You Like an Arsonist." One Tree Hill, The WB. October 5, 2005. Season 3 Episode 1.
^ Jump up to: a b One Tree Hill Episode 5.01 Four years, Six Months and Two Days
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.02
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.04 It's Alright Ma, I'm Only Bleeding
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.05 I Forgot to Remember to Forget
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.06 Don't Dream it's Over
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.07 In Da Club
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.08 Please Please Please Let Me Get What I Want
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.09 For Tonight You're Only Here to Know
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.10 Running to Stand Still
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill episode 5.11 You're Gonna Need Someone on Your Side
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.12 Hundred
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.13 Echoes, Silence, Patience and Grace
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.14 What do you go Home to?
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.15
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.16
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.17 Hate is Safer Than Love
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 5.18 What Comes after The Blue
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 608 Our Life Is Not A Movie, Or Maybe
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 609 Sympathy for the Devil
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill Episode 617 You And Me and the Bottle Makes Three Tonight
Jump up ^ Armstrong, Jennifer (August 20, 2009). "'One Tree Hill' sneak preview: Time jumps, hot new characters, and life without Chad Michael Murray". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2010-06-21.
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill season 7 episode 1 "4:30 AM (Apparently They Were Traveling Abroad)"
Jump up ^ One Tree Hill season 7 episode 19 "Every Picture Tells a Story"
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (August 29, 2011). "One Tree Hill Scoop: Chad Michael Murray Returns! What About Hilarie Burton?". TV Line. Retrieved August 29, 2011.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Bill (August 29, 2011). "Chad Michael Murray Returns To "One Tree Hill"". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on September 12, 2011. Retrieved August 29, 2011.
Jump up ^ IMDB Character Biography Retrieved: 2010-06-29.
Jump up ^ Williams, Don (April 1, 2008). "One Tree Hill: Who Should Lucas End Up With?". buddytv.com. Retrieved 2010-06-17.
Jump up ^ Newman-Bremang, Kathleen (May 19, 2009). "'One Tree Hill' Finale: How We Would Have Said Goodbye To Leyton". MTV. Retrieved 2010-06-21.
Jump up ^ De Leon, Kris (April 5, 2010). "Who's Returning on 'One Tree Hill'?". buddytv.com. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
Jump up ^ Lynn, Megan (April 2, 2009). ""One Tree Hill" Stars Staying Put?". SOAPnet. Archived from the original on June 26, 2013. Retrieved 2009-05-12.
Jump up ^ Lynn, Megan (May 24, 2010). "Stars Out at "One Tree Hill"". SOAPnet. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
Jump up ^ Raisler, Carrie (August 28, 2009). "'One Tree Hill': Growing pains". Zap2it. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
Jump up ^ Hidek, Jeff (August 19, 2009). "WE LOVE TV: Fans pick 12 "most essential" episodes of "One Tree Hill"". starnewsonline.com. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
Jump up ^ Cooke, Paul. "One Tree Hill: The Complete First Season (US – DVD R1) reviews". DVDActive.com. Retrieved 2010-06-19.
Jump up ^ Zukowski, Kelsey (April 5, 2008). "DVD Review: One Tree Hill: Season 4". 2snaps.tv. Archived from the original on April 9, 2008. Retrieved 2010-07-01.
Jump up ^ Tara Ariano, Sarah Bunting (2006). Television Without Pity: 752 Things We Love to Hate (and Hate to Love) about TV. Quirk Books. p. 173. ISBN 1-59474-117-4, ISBN 978-1-59474-117-3. Retrieved 2010-07-02. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
Further reading[edit]
Monica Rizzo (2005). One Tree Hill: Meet The Stars Of One Tree Hill. Scholastic Inc. p. 106. ISBN 0-439-73036-8, ISBN 978-0-439-73036-5. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jenny Markas (2005). One Tree Hill: The Beginning. Scholastic Inc. p. 264. ISBN 0-439-71560-1, ISBN 978-0-439-71560-7. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
External links[edit]
One Tree Hill – Cast – The CW
[show]
v
t
e
One Tree Hill
Season 1
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
Season 5
Season 6
Season 7
Season 8
Season 9
Characters
Original
Lucas Scott
Nathan Scott
Peyton Sawyer
Haley James Scott
Brooke Davis
Mouth McFadden
Secondary
Jamie Scott
Millicent Huxtable
Julian Baker
Clay Evans
Quinn James
Episodes
"Pilot"
"With Tired Eyes, Tired Minds, Tired Souls, We Slept"
"4 Years, 6 Months, 2 Days"
Related
Official soundtracks
"I Don't Want to Be"
Created by: Mark Schwahn
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lucas_Scott&oldid=810461247"
Categories:
One Tree Hill (TV series) characters
Fictional writers
Fictional basketball players
Fictional characters from North Carolina
Fictional characters introduced in 2003
Hidden categories:
Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL
CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter
Use mdy dates from August 2013
Wikipedia articles with plot summary needing attention from November 2017
All Wikipedia articles with plot summary needing attention
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Dansk
Français
Italiano
ქართული
Македонски
Nederlands
Português
Српски / srpski
Svenska
Türkçe
Edit links
This page was last edited on 15 November 2017, at 11:36.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: th

attrs: colspan style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-size: 125%; background-color: #6082B6; color: #ffffff

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: href title

value: td

value: span

value: i

values: text-align:center;background-color: #6082B6; color: #ffffff

values:
collapseButton0
#
color: rgb(255, 255, 255);

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #6082B6; color: #ffffff; font-size: 100%;

values:
/wiki/Keith_Scott_(One_Tree_Hill)
mw-redirect
Keith Scott (One Tree Hill)

values:
/wiki/Larry_Sawyer_(One_Tree_Hill)
mw-redirect
Larry Sawyer (One Tree Hill)

values:
/wiki/Derek_Sommers
mw-redirect
Derek Sommers

values: width:22em;width:100%; font-size: 100%; line-height: 1.6em; border-collapse: collapse; border: 0; margin:0; clear:none; float:none;

values:
/wiki/Underdog_(competition)
mw-redirect
Underdog (competition)

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Plot

values:
/wiki/Haley_James
mw-redirect
Haley James

values:
/wiki/Whitey_Durham
mw-redirect
Whitey Durham

values:
/wiki/Nicki_(One_Tree_Hill)
mw-redirect
Nicki (One Tree Hill)

values:
/wiki/Anna_Taggaro
mw-redirect
Anna Taggaro

values:
/wiki/Felix_Tagarro
mw-redirect
Felix Tagarro

values:
/wiki/Rachel_Gatina
mw-redirect
Rachel Gatina

values:
/wiki/Chris_Keller_(One_Tree_Hill)
mw-redirect
Chris Keller (One Tree Hill)

values: With Tired Eyes, Tired Minds, Tired Souls, We Slept (One Tree Hill episode)

values:
/wiki/Ian_Banks_(One_Tree_Hill)
mw-redirect
Ian Banks (One Tree Hill)

values: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

values:
/wiki/Lindsey_Strauss
mw-redirect
Lindsey Strauss

values:
/wiki/James_Lucas_Scott
mw-redirect
James Lucas Scott

values:
/wiki/Las_Vegas,_Nevada
mw-redirect
Las Vegas, Nevada

values:
/wiki/List_of_fictional_supercouples
mw-redirect
List of fictional supercouples

values:
/wiki/Teen_People
mw-redirect
Teen People

values:
/wiki/The_WB_Television_Network
mw-redirect
The WB Television Network

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.2snaps.tv/9815052

values: Category:CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:One Tree Hill (TV series) characters

values: Category:Fictional characters from North Carolina

values: Category:Fictional characters introduced in 2003

values: Category:Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with plot summary needing attention from November 2017

values: Category:All Wikipedia articles with plot summary needing attention

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Lucas_Scott
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: ლუკას სკოტი – Georgian

values: Лукас Скот – Macedonian

values: Лукас Скот – Serbian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Lucas_Scott rootpage-Lucas_Scott vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
T. N. Seshan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
T. N. Seshan
10th Chief Election Commissioner of India
In office
12 December 1990 – 11 December 1996
Prime Minister
V. P. Singh
Chandra Shekhar
P. V. Narasimha Rao
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
H. D. Deve Gowda
Preceded by
V. S. Ramadevi
Succeeded by
M. S. Gill
18th Cabinet Secretary of India
In office
27 March 1989 – 23 December 1989
Prime Minister
Rajiv Gandhi
Preceded by
B. G. Deshmukh
Succeeded by
V. C. Pande
Personal details
Born
Tirunellai Narayana Iyer Seshan
(1932-12-15) 15 December 1932 (age 85)
Palakkad, Madras Presidency, British India
(now in Kerala, India)
Residence
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Alma mater
Madras Christian College
Harvard University
Occupation
Indian Administrative Service
Awards
Ramon Magsaysay award (in 1996)
Tirunellai Narayana Iyer Seshan known as T. N. Seshan is a retired 1955 batch IAS officer of Tamil Nadu cadre, best remembered as the man who cleaned up elections in India.[1][2] He was the 10th Chief Election Commissioner of India (1990–96), who reformed elections by largely ending its malpractices in the country.[3] and redefined the status and visibility of the Election Commission of India.[4][5] An Indian Administrative Service officer, he earlier served as the 18th Cabinet Secretary of India in 1989. He won the Ramon Magsaysay Award for government service in 1996.[6]
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life and education
2 Personal life
3 Career
3.1 Chief Election Commissioner
3.1.1 Major achievements
4 References
5 External links
Early life and education[edit]
Tirunellai Narayana Iyer Seshan was born on 15 December 1932 in Thirunellai, Palakkad district, Kerala. He completed his schooling from Basel Evangelical Mission Higher Secondary School and intermediate from Government Victoria College, Palakkad. He obtained his graduation in Physics from the Madras Christian College. He worked for three years as demonstrator at the Madras Christian college, when he passed the IAS exam. He then went to study at Harvard University on Edward S. Mason Fellowship where he earned a master's degree in public administration. (Class of 1968)
T. N. Seshan and E. Sreedharan are classmates at BEM High School and Victoria College in Palakkad. Both of them were selected for Engineering in Kakinada (Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University) however E. Sreedharan decided to pursue it, while T. N. Seshan decided to join MCC (Madras Christian College).[7]
Personal life[edit]
In 1959, while serving as Dindigul sub-collector, Sheshan married Jayalakshmi. She was the daughter of R. S. Krishnan who was the vice chancellor of Kerala University. Jayalakshmi died on 31 March 2018.
Career[edit]
Seshan wanted to join the civil services like his brother T N Lakshminarayanan (who incidentally was among the toppers in the very first batch of Indian Administrative Service (IAS). In 1953, Seshan was under-aged to appear for the IAS. To test his abilities, he sat for the Indian Police Service (for which the age of appearing, then, was only 20) and stood first in India in the 1954 batch. The very next year, he appeared and successfully joined the 1955 batch of IAS, having been placed among the top rankers.
An officer of the IAS, he was Secretary of many departments in the Tamil Nadu and the union governments.
He was Cabinet Secretary, the senior most position in the Indian civil service hierarchy, and Member, Planning Commission of India, before being appointed the Chief Election Commissioner. He contested for the post of President of India in 1997 and lost to K.R. Narayanan.[8] He is often known for his crisp one-liners, be it during his service to his superiors and ministers or while facing the media.
On 17th Oct 2012, The Madras High Court appointed T.N Seshan as an interim administrator to run the Pachaiyappa’s Trust in Chennai [9]
Chief Election Commissioner[edit]
As the 10th Chief Election Commissioner of India, T.N. Seshan's name became synonymous with transparency and efficiency[3] when he managed to stamp his authority on the country's electoral system by conducting the cleanest elections in living memory. "Nobody dared to violate the law."[10][11] Poll changes ushered in by him would often pit the political class and their media cronies not just against each other, but also against him, the election watchdog, getting labelled, in turn as - "Al-Seshan (Alsatian)"[12][13] so much so, that electoral 'battles' would be dubbed by them as:[14]
"Seshan versus Nation"
Major achievements[edit]
Implementation of the law in election process :
Instrumental in strict implementation election code of conduct
Issuance of Voter IDs for all eligible voters
Limit on candidates expenditure in his/her election
Progressive and autonomous Election commission machinery. Drafted election officials from states other than the one facing polls.[15]
Elimination of several malpractices like :[16]
Bribing or intimidating voters
Distribution of liquor during elections.
Use of official machinery for campaigning.
Appealing to voters' caste or communal feelings.
Use of places of worship for campaigns.
Use of loudspeakers and high volume music without prior written permission.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Das, Sanjib Kumar (1 May 2014). "The man who cleaned up India's elections". Gulf News. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Narasimhan, T. E. (12 May 2012). "'The more you kick me...'". Business Standard. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Srivastava, Ritesh K.(The Observer) (5 March 2012). "Empowering the EC". Zee News. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Election Commission's neutrality: Will Zaidi fit in Seshan's shoes?".
Jump up ^ Anand, R. K. (20 June 2012). "Time to 'Seshan' the EC". Suara Sarawak. (Baru Bian, Malaysia). Retrieved 17 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Ramon Magsaysay Award Foundation http://www.rmaf.org.ph/index.php?task=4&year=1990
Jump up ^ "Man of Tomorrow". The Hindu Newspaper.
Jump up ^ Sardesai, Rajdeep (5 October 2012). "Will Arvind Kejriwal succeed where TN Seshan failed?". News18. Retrieved 2016-08-09.
Jump up ^ Seshan to take care of Pachaiyappa’s trust http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article1303162.ece
Jump up ^ Gilmartin, David (North Carolina State Univ.). "'One Day's Sultan': T. N. Seshan and the Reform of the Election Commission in the 1990s". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
Jump up ^ McGirk, Tim (28 April 1996). "India's scourge of money, muscle and ministers". The Independent (U.K.). Retrieved 17 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Kaw, M K. "Seshan the Alsatian". GFiles-Inside the Government. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Shekhar, G. C. (7 April 2014). "Autum of Al-Seshan". The Telegraph (Calcutta). Retrieved 17 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Verma, Nalin (1 December 2012). "Minds unite in crisis times". The Telegraph (Calcutta). Retrieved 17 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Sumit Ganguly; Rahul Mukherji (1 August 2011). India Since 1980. Cambridge University Press. p. 179. ISBN 978-1-139-49866-1. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "CEC T.N. Seshan tightens electoral reform screws to clean up entire election process". India Today Portal. 15 December 1994.
External links[edit]
Biography Ramon Magsaysay Award website.
G. C. Shekhar. "Autumn of Al-Seshan". The Telegraph. April 7, 2014.
Govindan Kutty. "Seshan: An Intimate Story 1994"
[show]
v
t
e
Chief Election Commissioners of India
Sukumar Sen
Kalyan Sundaram
S. P. Sen Verma
Nagendra Singh
T. Swaminathan
S. L. Shakdhar
R. K. Trivedi
R. V. S. Peri Sastri
V. S. Ramadevi
T. N. Seshan
M. S. Gill
J. M. Lyngdoh
T. S. Krishnamurthy
B. B. Tandon
N. Gopalaswami
Navin Chawla
S. Y. Quraishi
V. S. Sampath
H. S. Brahma
Nasim Zaidi
Achal Kumar Jyoti
Om Prakash Rawat
[show]
v
t
e
Ramon Magsaysay Award winners of India
Anshu Gupta
Amitabha Chowdhury
Aruna Roy
Arun Shourie
Arvind Kejriwal
Baba Amte
Banoo Jehangir Coyaji
Bezwada Wilson
B G Verghese
Chandi Prasad Bhatt
C. D. Deshmukh
Dara Nusserwanji Khurody
Ela Bhatt
Gour Kishore Ghosh
Harish Hande
Jockin Arputham
James Michael Lyngdoh
Jayaprakash Narayan
Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay
Kiran Bedi
Kulandei Francis
K. V. Subbanna
Lakshmi Chand Jain
Laxminarayan Ramdas
Mabelle Arole
Mahasweta Devi
Mahesh Chandra Mehta
Manibhai Desai
Mandakini Amte
Mother Teresa
M. S. Subbulakshmi
M. S. Swaminathan
Nileema Mishra
Palagummi Sainath
Pandurang Shastri Athavale
Prakash Amte
P. K. Sethi
Rajendra Singh
Ravi Shankar
R. K. Laxman
Rajanikant Arole
Sanjiv Chaturvedi
Satyajit Ray
Sombhu Mitra
Sandeep Pandey
Shantha Sinha
T. M. Krishna
T. N. Seshan
Tribhuvandas Kishibhai Patel
V. Shanta
Verghese Kurien
Vinoba Bhave
List of Ramon Magsaysay Award winners
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=T._N._Seshan&oldid=840546987"
Categories:
Indian civil servants
Indian Administrative Service officers
Ramon Magsaysay Award winners
Chief Election Commissioners of India
Madras Christian College alumni
Living people
Candidates for President of India
1932 births
Politicians from Palakkad
Cabinet Secretaries of India
Government Victoria College, Palakkad alumni
John F. Kennedy School of Government alumni
University of Madras alumni
20th-century Indian politicians
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Français
हिन्दी
മലയാളം
मराठी
தமிழ்
తెలుగు
Edit links
This page was last edited on 10 May 2018, at 16:10.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: b

value: br

values:
/wiki/British_India
mw-redirect
British India

values:
/wiki/Ramon_Magsaysay_award
mw-redirect
Ramon Magsaysay award

values:
/wiki/Victoria_College,_Palakkad
mw-redirect
Victoria College, Palakkad

values:
/wiki/K.R._Narayanan
mw-redirect
K.R. Narayanan

values: Edit section: Chief Election Commissioner

values:
/wiki/The_Telegraph_(India)
mw-redirect
The Telegraph (India)

values: Template:Chief Election Commissioners of India

values: Template talk:Chief Election Commissioners of India

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/B_G_Verghese
mw-redirect
B G Verghese

values: Category:Indian Administrative Service officers

values: Category:Chief Election Commissioners of India

values: Category:Madras Christian College alumni

values: Category:Candidates for President of India

values: Category:Government Victoria College, Palakkad alumni

values: Category:John F. Kennedy School of Government alumni

values:
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
interface

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/T._N._Seshan
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: टी एन शेषन – Hindi

values: टी.एन. शेषन – Marathi

values: டி. என். சேஷன் – Tamil

values: టి. ఎన్. శేషన్ – Telugu

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-T_N_Seshan rootpage-T_N_Seshan skin-vector action-view


text:
New Zealand rabbit
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
New Zealand red rabbit
The New Zealand is a breed of rabbit, which despite the name, is American in origin. The breed originated in California, possibly from rabbits imported from New Zealand. New Zealand rabbits are available in five ARBA-recognized colors: white, red, black, blue, and broken. Crossbreeding can result in many different combinations of the three basic pigmentations. The most common of these variations are gold tipped steel and chestnut agouti. They average 10 to 12 lb (5 kg) with the does being slightly larger than the bucks. New Zealands are bred for meat, pelts, show, and laboratory uses, being the most used rabbit breed both for testing. They are also bred as pet rabbits.
Contents
1 Physiology
2 Origin
3 Albinism
4 In shows
5 Commercial use
6 Laboratory testing
7 Breeding
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Physiology[edit]
New Zealand white have well-rounded bodies; slender and muscular faces with round cheeks; large, long back feet; and small, short front pectoral muscles (Rubins). They have long perforated ears that stand straight up. Unlike the thick, snowy fur on their bodies, their ears have shorter fur that allows the delicate pale pink of their skin to show through. The most noticeable characteristic of New Zealand White rabbits is their bright eyes, which are a ruby pink color. Due to their eye colour their colouring is often referred to as REW (ruby eyed white). REW is a recessive trait, and generally REWs aren't bred to the other varieties of New Zealands (blacks, reds, brokens or blues) as that can result in "steel" color New Zealands, which are not a recognized color of New Zealand. White New Zealands are the most common variety, and have been bred the most extensively for meat.
New Zealand rabbits have large, broad, and muscular bodies. Bucks (males) weigh 9–11 pounds, while the does (females) weigh 10–12 pounds (Verhallen 23-35). In addition to their greater size, females are distinguished by the presence of a dewlap, which is a flap of fur below the chin that stores fat to be used as extra energy if needed during pregnancies and lactation. Large males can also have dewlaps, but it is less common. Males also tend to have a broader face, and larger cheeks.
Origin[edit]
New Zealand whites descended from New Zealand Reds, which were likely developed in California and developed from a mix of breeds, possibly including Belgian hares and Flemish giants. New Zealand Reds were developed for their quick growth rate and meat type, and were added to the US rabbit standard in 1916. The white variety was created in 1917 by William S. Preshaw out of some white New Zealands born in a litter of reds. While the reds remained more popular for meat for some time, whites quickly caught on because of their white pelt, which could be easily dyed and was more valuable in the fur market.
Albinism[edit]
New Zealand White rabbits have a genetic deviation called albinism. Albinism is caused by a lack of melanin, which is a pigment that gives all creatures, including humans, their skin/fur/hair/eye color. The snowy coat of a New Zealand white rabbit is a normal length like other rabbit breeds. Most New Zealand rabbits also have a white/pink/light brownish tint to their noses.
In shows[edit]
Though the ARBA treats all New Zealand rabbits the same, the BRC holds New Zealand reds to a different standard.[1]
The Blue New Zealand rabbit is recognized in British Rabbit Club and United Kingdom. ARBA has recognized blue New Zealands since late 2016.[2] When shown in competition they are judged primarily on body type.
Commercial use[edit]
New Zealand rabbits were not bred to be a domestic pet. Instead they were bred for their excellent fur and meat. Fryers are slaughtered at 8-12 weeks[3] and older rabbits are sold as roasters. White rabbits are preferred for fur, because it's easier to dye. The rabbits with high grades of fur are used to make fur coats and fur trimmings. The lower grades are used to make felt hats and glove linings ("Commercial Rabbit Raising"). The New Zealand is an excellent meat rabbit with a high feed to meat ratio with fine bones. New Zealand white rabbits are the number one meat rabbit in the United States (Bare 63-65). Production rabbits are fed more protein (18-20% rather than the typical 16-18% for non-production rabbits), and sometimes alfalfa hay.
Laboratory testing[edit]
Along with commercial purposes, New Zealand White rabbits are also used for laboratory purposes. Rabbits react similarly to humans to diseases and medications. This reaction allows them to be used at pharmaceutical laboratories, the U.S. Public Health building, cancer research centers, and university hospitals. New Zealand white rabbits have been used to develop tests and drugs for diseases like diabetes, diphtheria, tuberculosis, cancer, and heart disease. The effects of skin creams, cosmetics, special diets, and food additives have also been tested on New Zealand white rabbits. (Bare 63-65)
Breeding[edit]
A doe (female rabbit) becomes fertile between 8-12 weeks of age and can be safely bred at 16-17 weeks of age. Breeding before this age can cause harm or death to the doe and/or kits. Does are fertile all year long although day length can affect that some. The gestation period is around 28–35 days, although most will kindle (give birth) at 31-32 days. A nest box should be provided for the new mother two to five days prior to the expected kindling date. The doe will pull fur from her abdomen and dewlap and along with hay or other materials provided she will create a nest. The young are born hairless, deaf, and blind. Fur begins to grow in by day 3 to 5 and after 7 to 10 days the kits' eyes will open by 2 weeks they may begin exploring and sampling outside food sources. At the age of three to four weeks their mother will begin to wean them off milk, meanwhile the kits will switch to eating hay and pellets. The average number of bunnies per litter is seven but commonly range from one to fourteen. Because rabbits are induced ovulators a doe can become pregnant by the simple act of mating if conditions are right. A doe can get pregnant within 24 hours after giving birth.
Cannibalism is rare but can happen. In the wild it is a defensive mechanism to remove all blood and dead tissue from the nesting area to avoid detection by predators. Cannibalism can also be brought on by a severe lack of fluids and feed. Make sure the rabbits always have access to fresh clean water and feed to prevent this. If young are stillborn or die after birth, many times the doe will ingest the remains. Bucks have little to no part in raising the young. They do in some cases act as babysitters and a heat source for the young kits in group settings known as a colony. Contrary to popular belief bucks do not kill and eat kits under normal circumstances.
See also[edit]
Rabbit
Domestic rabbit
List of rabbit breeds
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.justrabbits.com/new-zealand-rabbits.html
Jump up ^ http://www.newzealandrabbitclub.net/Blues.htm
Jump up ^ http://www.azrabbits.com/useful-information/new-zealand-whites.html
External links[edit]
New Zealand Rabbit Breed History
Breeds of Rabbits
Rabbits and hares portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Zealand_rabbit&oldid=862474742"
Categories:
Rabbits as pets
Rabbit breeds originating in the United States
Rabbit breeds
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
Tiếng Việt
Edit links
This page was last edited on 4 October 2018, at 16:25 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: href class title

attrs: class style

value: p

value: input

attrs: type role id class style

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

value: label

attrs: class for

values: toctogglelabel toctogglecheckbox

values:
/wiki/Heart_disease
mw-redirect
Heart disease

values:
/wiki/Gestation_period
mw-redirect
Gestation period

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://rabbitbreeders.us/rabbit-breeds

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values: Category:Rabbit breeds originating in the United States

values:
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
interface

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values:
/wiki/New_Zealand_rabbit
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-New_Zealand_rabbit rootpage-New_Zealand_rabbit skin-vector action-view


text:
Harmonized System
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, also known as the Harmonized System (HS) of tariff nomenclature is an internationally standardized system of names and numbers to classify traded products. It came into effect in 1988 and has since been developed and maintained by the World Customs Organization (WCO) (formerly the Customs Co-operation Council), an independent intergovernmental organization based in Brussels, Belgium, with over 200 member countries.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure
2 Classification
3 Applications
4 Challenges in classification for companies
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
7.1 Tariffs by region
Structure[edit]
The HS is organized logically by economic activity or component material. For example, animals and animal products are found in one section of the HS, while machinery and mechanical appliances are found in another. The HS is organized into 21 sections, which are subdivided into 96 chapters. The 96 HS chapters are further subdivided into approximately 5,000 headings and subheadings.
Section and Chapter titles describe broad categories of goods, while headings and subheadings describe products in more detail. Generally, HS sections and chapters are arranged in order of a product’s degree of manufacture or in terms of its technological complexity. Natural commodities, such as live animals and vegetables, for example, are described the early sections of the HS, whereas more evolved goods such as machinery and precision instruments are described in later sections. Chapters within the individual sections are also usually organized in order of complexity or degree of manufacture. For example, within Section X (Pulp of wood or of other fibrous cellulosic material; Recovered (waste and scrap) paper or paperboard; Paper and paperboard and articles thereof), Chapter 47 provides for pulp of wood or of other fibrous cellulosic materials, whereas Chapter 49 covers printed books, newspapers, and other printed matter. Finally, the headings within individual Chapters follow a similar order. For example, the first heading in Chapter 50 (Silk) provides for silk worm cocoons while articles made of silk are covered by the chapter's later headings.
The HS code consists of 6-digits. The first two digits designate the HS Chapter. The second two digits designate the HS heading. The third two digits designate the HS subheading. HS code 1006.30, for example indicates Chapter 10 (Cereals), Heading 06 (Rice), and Subheading 30 (Semi-milled or wholly milled rice, whether or not polished or glazed).
Example of the hierarchical structure of the Harmonized System
In addition to the HS codes and commodity descriptions, each Section and Chapter of the HS is prefaced by Legal Notes, which are designed to clarify the proper classification of goods.
To ensure harmonization, the contracting parties to the Convention on the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, have agreed to base their national tariff schedules on the HS nomenclature and Legal Notes. Parties are permitted to subdivide the HS nomenclature beyond 6-digits and add their own Legal Notes according to their own tariff and statistical requirements. Parties often set their customs duties at the 8-digit "tariff code" level. Statistical suffixes are often added to the 8-digit tariff code for a total of 10 digits.
HS Chapter 77 is reserved for common use by the parties internationally. Chapters 98 and 99 are reserved for national use. Chapter 98 comprises special classification provisions, and chapter 99 contains temporary modifications pursuant to a parties' national directive or legislation.
Since its creation, the HS has undergone several revisions - ostensibly, to either eliminate headings and subheadings describing commodities that are no longer traded, or to create headings and subheadings that address technological advancements and environmental concerns. The next version of the HS will become effective on January 1, 2017.
Classification[edit]
The process of assigning HS codes is known as "HS Classification". All [|aluminum composite sheet]] can be classified in the HS by using the General Rules for the Interpretation of the Harmonized System ("GRI"). HS codes can be determined by a variety of factors including a product's composition, its form and its function. An example of a product classified according to its form would be whole potatoes. The classification will also change depending on whether the potatoes are fresh or frozen. Fresh potatoes are classified in position 0701.90, under the Header Potatoes, fresh or chilled, Sub header Other, while frozen potatoes are classified in position 0710.10 under the Header Vegetables (uncooked or cooked by steaming or boiling in water), frozen, Subheader Potatoes.
An example of a product classified according its material composition is a picture frame. Picture frames made of wood are classified under subheading 4414.00, which provides for Wooden frames for paintings, photographs, mirrors or similar objects. Picture frames made of plastic are classified under subheading 3924.90, which provides for Tableware, kitchenware, other household articles and hygienic or toilet articles, of plastics. Other. Picture frames made of glass are classified under subheading 7020.00, which provides for Other articles of glass. And so on.
An example of a product classified according to its form is personal hygiene soap. When in the form of a bar, cake or moulded shape, such soap is classified under subheading 3401.11, which provides for Soap and organic surface-active products and preparations, in the form of bars, cakes, moulded pieces or shapes, and paper, wadding, felt and nonwovens, impregnated, coated or covered with soap or detergent: For toilet use (including medicated products). Conversely, liquid personal hygiene soap is classified under either 3401.20, which provides for Soap in other forms, or 3401.30, which provides for Organic surface-active products and preparations for washing the skin, in the form of liquid or cream and put up for retail sale, whether or not containing soap.
An example of a product classified according to its function is a carbon monoxide (CO) detector. If the CO detector captures and displays gas measurements, then it is properly classified under subheading 9027.10, which provides for Instruments and apparatus for physical or chemical analysis (for example, polarimeters, refractometers, spectrometers, gas or smoke analysis apparatus; instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking viscosity, porosity, expansion, surface tension or the like; instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking quantities of heat, sound or light (including exposure meters); microtomes. Gas or smoke analysis apparatus. If the CO detector does not capture and display gas measurements, then it is properly classified under subheading 8531.10, which provides for Electric sound or visual signaling apparatus (for example, bells, sirens, indicator panels, burglar or fire alarms), other than those of heading 85.12 or 85.30. Burglar or fire alarms and similar apparatus.
Although every product and every part of every product is classifiable in the HS, very few are explicitly described in the HS nomenclature. Any product for which there is no explicit description can be classified under a "residual" or "basket" heading or subheading, which provide for Other goods. Residual codes normally occur last in numerical order under their related headings and subheadings.
An example of a product classified under a residual heading is a live dog, which must be classified under heading 01.06, which provides for Other live animals because dogs are not covered by headings 01.01 through 01.05, which explicitly provide for live equine, live bovine, live swine, live sheep and goats, and live poultry, respectively.
Applications[edit]
As of 2015, there were 180 countries or territories applying the Harmonized System worldwide,[2]
HS code are used by Customs authorities, statistical agencies, and other government regulatory bodies, to monitor and control the import and export of commodities through:
Customs tariffs
Collection of international trade statistics
Rules of origin
Collection of internal taxes
Trade negotiations (e.g., the World Trade Organization schedules of tariff concessions)
Transport tariffs and statistics
Monitoring of controlled goods (e.g., wastes, narcotics, chemical weapons, ozone layer depleting substances, endangered species)
Areas of Customs controls and procedures, including risk assessment, information technology and compliance.
Companies use HS codes to calculate the total landed cost of imported products and parts, and to identify selling and sourcing opportunities abroad.
Challenges in classification for companies[edit]
HS classification is not always straightforward. Many automotive parts, for example, are not classified under heading 87.08, which provides for Parts and accessories of the motor vehicles of headings 87.01 to 87.05. Automotive seats are classified as articles of furniture under heading 94.01, which provides for Seats (other than those of heading 94.02), whether or not convertible into beds, and parts thereof, and more specifically under subheading 9401.20, which provides for Seats of a kind used for motor vehicles.
In many jurisdictions, traders alone bear the legal responsibility to accurately classify their goods. Depending on the severity of the infraction, incorrect classification can result in the imposition of non-compliance penalties, border delays or seizures, or denial of import privileges.
There are several resources available to traders to assist in properly classifying their goods including:
The Official Explanatory Notes to the Harmonized System, published by the World Customs Organization
The US Census "Classify your Commodity" engine: https://uscensus.prod.3ceonline.com/
Classify your Commodity video tutorial by US Census: http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/data/video022.html
Explanatory notes to the Combined Nomenclature of the European Union by the European Commission
Customs Rulings Online Search System (CROSS), by U.S. Customs and Border Protection
Binding Tariff Information (BTI), by the European Commission
Informed compliance publications, by U.S. Customs and Border Protection
Classification Guides, by HM Revenue & Customs
See also[edit]
Automated Export System
Broad Economic Categories
Combined Nomenclature
Customs tariff
Harmonized Tariff Schedule for the United States
Standard International Trade Classification
TARIC Coding System
UNSPSC
World Customs Organization
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "What is the Harmonized System (HS)?". World Customs Organization.
Jump up ^ "Membership". World Customs Organization.
External links[edit]
Why HS codes are important
ITC's Product Conversion Table on Market Access Map, an online database of customs tariffs and market requirements. The table allows you to search for product codes by name and convert them into any HS revision.
World Bank's list of HS Codes products
World Bank, Concordances from HS to other nomenclatures
HS Code Search Database by Foreign Trade Online
EU Combined Nomenclature Search Engine by European Commission - Eurostat
Tariffs by region[edit]
Customs Tariff of Canada (Canada Border Services Agency)
Integrated Tariff of the European Union - TARIC
German Electronic Customs Tariff EZT-online
Central Excise Tariff of India by Department of Customs, Ministry of Revenue,
East Africa Community Common External Tariff by Customs and Trade, East Africa Community, Governments of Burundi, Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania
Japan Tariff Association – webpage refers to Japan Harmonised System Code Search
Mexico import-export codes (Harmonized Tariff Schedule) by SIICEX and CAAAREM
UK Tariff Codes Datasets by Data.Gov.UK
Official Tariff Book of South Africa (South African Revenue Service)
United States of America
U.S. import codes (Harmonized Tariff Schedule) by U.S. International Trade Commission
U.S. export codes by U.S. Census Bureau
Australian Customs & Border Protection Service - Working tariff 2012
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harmonized_System&oldid=794023790"
Categories:
Standards
Product classifications
Chemical numbering schemes
International trade
World Customs Organization
Hidden categories:
Use dmy dates from April 2012
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Български
فارسی
한국어
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
日本語
Norsk
Português
Русский
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 5 August 2017, at 09:47.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: id class style

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: sup

attrs: role tabindex class

values: button 0 togglelink

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

values: Edit section: Challenges in classification for companies

values:
nofollow
https://uscensus.prod.3ceonline.com/
external free

values:
nofollow
http://rulings.cbp.gov/
external text

values:
/wiki/Customs_tariff
mw-redirect
Customs tariff

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.3ce.com/resources/faqs

values:
nofollow
http://www.kanzei.or.jp/english/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.siicex-caaarem.org.mx

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.usitc.gov/tata/hts/index.htm

values: United States International Trade Commission

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Harmonized_System
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: Хармонизирана система – Bulgarian

values: سامانه هماهنگ‌شده شماره‌گذاری کالا – Persian

values: Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System – Indonesian

values: Гармонизированная система описания и кодирования товаров – Russian

values: Гармонізована система опису та кодування товарів – Ukrainian

values: Hệ thống hài hòa (hải quan) – Vietnamese

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Harmonized_System rootpage-Harmonized_System skin-vector action-view